Halley%27s comet cult - The 39 victims found within the home were all members of a strange and secretive cult called Heaven's Gate, which had a goal to transcend to "higher beings" by spaceship. Watch the full story on ...

 
Mar 25, 2017 · Comet Hale-Bopp, which the Heaven's Gate cult members believed was their ticket to an alien spaceship. (JOHNNY HORNE/Associated Press) Do and Ti assembled as many as 200 followers willing to ... . Bon kredit arbeitslose

Hale-Bopp was an unusually bright comet that flew close to Earth in 1997. Tragically, Hale-Bopp also influenced the Heaven's Gate cult's mass suicide.Jul 30, 2021 · Halley's Comet. Comes around more than I do. But you're all it takes for me to break a promise. Silly me to fall in love with you. I haven't slept since Sunday. Midnight for me is 3AM for you. But ... One of the most familiar comets, Halley's comet, played a prominent role in history because of its large nucleus and therefore great brightness and longevity. In 1066 when King Harold was overthrown by William the Conquerer at the Battle of Hastings, the cause of the event seems to have been pegged on a celestial visitor as is shown by the appearance of Halley's comet in the Bayeux Tapestry ...A unique astronomical event is a surefire way to inspire a doomsday prophecy. Enter Halley's Comet, a ball of icy dust that is visible from Earth every 76 years.When this celestial body was scheduled to make a pass in 1910, the claims of impassioned astronomers at Chicago's Yerkes Observatory inspired fear in a surprising number of people. By RKasper. $36.65. Halley's Comet Billie Eilish Poster. By madisontarr. $25.13. Bayeux Tapestry, Halley's Comet of 1066, Astronomy Poster. By ScienceSource. $29.32. Outer Space Astronomy Halleys Halley’s Comet Poster.“Heaven’s Gate: The Cult of Cults” is a thorough examination of the infamous UFO cult through the eyes of its former members and loved ones. What started in ...According to Margaret Campbell-Brown and Peter Brown in the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada's 2022 "Observer's Handbook," the Eta Aquarid meteor shower is predicted to peak early on Friday ...Oct 14, 2016 · Applewhite claimed an extraterrestrial vessel was trailing behind the Comet Hale-Bopp, waiting to spirit his followers to the “Next Level.” (Jamie Cooper/Getty) T hough ultimately a deadly cult, Heaven’s Gate was not a particularly intimidating one. Members were mostly free to defect at their will. 10 mos. 22 days. 01 hrs. 26 mins. 46 secs. Halley is often called the most famous comet because it marked the first time astronomers understood comets could be repeat visitors to our night skies. Astronomers have now linked the comet's appearances to observations dating back more than 2,000 years. Halley was last seen in Earth's skies in 1986 ...In late September, William’s army landed in England and on Oct. 14, 1066, he defeated Harold’s army at the Battle of Hastings, killing the Anglo-Saxon king. On Dec. 25, William was crowned King of England, changing the nation’s history forever. The 11 th century 230-foot long Bayeux Tapestry, more accurately an embroidery and most likely ...Halley's Comet, also known as 1P/Halley, is the most well known comet in the Solar System. As a periodic (or short-term comet) it has orbital period that is less than 200 years, and has therefore ...Comet Hale–Bopp (formally designated C/1995 O1) is a comet that was one of the most widely observed of the 20th century and one of the brightest seen for many decades. Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp discovered Comet Hale–Bopp separately on July 23, 1995, before it became visible to the naked eye. It is difficult to predict the maximum brightness ...Heaven's Gate: The Cult of Cults, a documentary miniseries about the cult, was released on HBO Max in 2020. In 2021, Heaven's Gate was one of the subjects in the first season of Vice Media's documentary television series Dark Side of the 90's entitled "A Tale of Two Cults".Aside from their many gods, Romans were deeply superstitious, so when Augustus was handed a huge piece of luck, he took full advantage of it. Early in his reign, Halley’s Comet passed over Rome ... Apr 17, 2022 · Halley’s Comet is one of the most famous comets in history and there are many reasons for that. As you may already know, Halley’s Comet is visible to the naked eye from Earth every 75-76 years ... Jul 30, 2021 · Halley's Comet. Comes around more than I do. But you're all it takes for me to break a promise. Silly me to fall in love with you. [Verse 3] I haven't slept since Sunday. Midnight for me is 3 AM ... Halley's Comet. Today, a comet approaches. The University of Houston's College of Engineering presents this series about the machines that make our civilization run, and the people whose ingenuity created them. H alley's Comet appeared in the sky when Mark Twain was born in 1835. The comet moves in a seventy-five or seventy-six-year orbit, and ... A unique astronomical event is a surefire way to inspire a doomsday prophecy. Enter Halley's Comet, a ball of icy dust that is visible from Earth every 76 years.When this celestial body was scheduled to make a pass in 1910, the claims of impassioned astronomers at Chicago's Yerkes Observatory inspired fear in a surprising number of people.By RKasper. $36.65. Halley's Comet Billie Eilish Poster. By madisontarr. $25.13. Bayeux Tapestry, Halley's Comet of 1066, Astronomy Poster. By ScienceSource. $29.32. Outer Space Astronomy Halleys Halley’s Comet Poster.But the clips of cult leader Marshall Applewhite were so jarring that they aired on TV news around the globe. Now new Heaven’s Gate footage will be appearing on screens, 25 years after the ...According to Margaret Campbell-Brown and Peter Brown in the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada's 2022 "Observer's Handbook," the Eta Aquarid meteor shower is predicted to peak early on Friday ...One of the most familiar comets, Halley's comet, played a prominent role in history because of its large nucleus and therefore great brightness and longevity. In 1066 when King Harold was overthrown by William the Conquerer at the Battle of Hastings, the cause of the event seems to have been pegged on a celestial visitor as is shown by the appearance of Halley's comet in the Bayeux Tapestry ... Nov 24, 2020 · “Heaven’s Gate: The Cult of Cults” is a thorough examination of the infamous UFO cult through the eyes of its former members and loved ones. What started in ... Halley’s Comet is visible every 75 to 76 years. Comet Hale-Bopp. Comet Hale-Bopp is best known to most people for the much publicized Californian cult who believed the comet to be a spacecraft. Comet Hale-Bopp was last visible in 1997 and will not be visible again for approximately 2,300 years. It is named after its co-discoverers, Alan Hale ...Heaven’s Gate cult members found dead. Following an anonymous tip, police enter a mansion in Rancho Santa Fe, an exclusive suburb of San Diego, California, and discover 39 victims of a mass...A unique astronomical event is a surefire way to inspire a doomsday prophecy. Enter Halley's Comet, a ball of icy dust that is visible from Earth every 76 years.When this celestial body was scheduled to make a pass in 1910, the claims of impassioned astronomers at Chicago's Yerkes Observatory inspired fear in a surprising number of people.Aug 23, 2021 · In 1910, Halley’s Comet was due to pass close by Earth — and everyone from religious fanatics to news reporters stoked the fires of a global panic, believing it was the end of the world. Bettmann/Getty Images A 1910 drawing of Halley’s Comet passing over a city. In 1705, the English astronomer Edmond Halley predicted that a bright comet ... In a 2010 paper in the Journal of Cosmology, researchers Daniel W. Graham and Eric Hintz suggested that one of the earliest known sightings of Halley’s comet may have occurred around 466 B.C. in ...Officially called P1/Halley, this solar system object is the most famous known comet. It returns to Earth's skies every 76 years and has been observed for centuries. As it travels around the Sun, Halley leaves behind a trail of dust and ice particles that form the annual Orionid Meteor shower each October. The ices and dust that make up the ...Jul 30, 2021 · Halley's Comet. Comes around more than I do. But you're all it takes for me to break a promise. Silly me to fall in love with you. I haven't slept since Sunday. Midnight for me is 3AM for you. But ... The death toll was 21 men and 18 women between the ages of 26 and 72. Each had reportedly left “exit interview” videos to be watched after their demise. In Marshall Applewhite’s last video, he infamously says, “We do, in all honesty, hate this world.”. That phrase has stuck close to the subject of the Heaven’s Gate cult ever since.The Temple of Divus Iulius (Temple of the Deified Julius) was built (42 BC) and dedicated (29 BC) by Augustus for purposes of fostering a "cult of the comet". (It was also known as the "Temple of the Comet Star".) At the back of the temple a huge image of Caesar was erected and, according to Ovid, a flaming comet was affixed to its forehead:Halley’s Comet is one of the most famous comets in history and there are many reasons for that. As you may already know, Halley’s Comet is visible to the naked eye from Earth every 75-76 years ...10 mos. 22 days. 01 hrs. 26 mins. 46 secs. Halley is often called the most famous comet because it marked the first time astronomers understood comets could be repeat visitors to our night skies. Astronomers have now linked the comet's appearances to observations dating back more than 2,000 years. Halley was last seen in Earth's skies in 1986 ...Abstract. Read online. In this paper, we report the analysis of Korean historical records on the periodic Halley’s comet according to the period (i.e., the Three Kingdoms, Goryeo Dynasty, and Joseon Dynasty) using various sources such as the Samguksagi (The History of the Three Kingdoms), Goryeosa (The History of the Goryeo Dynasty), and Joseonwangjosillok (The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty). Feb 9, 2010 · Soon after the 1995 discovery of the comet Hale-Bopp, the Heaven’s Gate members became convinced that an alien spacecraft was on its way to earth, hidden from human detection behind the comet. Despite its enormous tail, Halley’s comet has a nucleus around 8 kilometers wide, 15 kilometers long, and around 8 kilometers thick. Its average density is 0.6 g/cm3, and its mass is believed to be 242.5 billion tonnes. The expelled gases contain traces of hydrocarbons and 80% water, 3-4% carbon dioxide, and 17% carbon monoxide.Aside from their many gods, Romans were deeply superstitious, so when Augustus was handed a huge piece of luck, he took full advantage of it. Early in his reign, Halley’s Comet passed over Rome ... None that I know of, but you may be thinking of Heaven's Gate, a cult that enjoyed a mass suicide in 1997, while Comet Hale-Bopp was in the sky. ... Halley's comet was first seen in 1577 however ...Sep 25, 2019 · The nucleus of Comet Halley is approximately 16x8x8 kilometers. Contrary to prior expectations, Halley’s nucleus is very dark: its albedo is only about 0.03 making it darker than coal and one of the darkest objects in the solar system. The density of Halley’s nucleus is very low: about 0.1 gm/cm3 indicating that it is probably porous ... Exploring the historical record for comet sightings, Halley calculated that the comet he had studied in 1682 was the same comet identified in 1305, 1380, 1456, 1531, and 1607. Then, in 1705, he ...The Temple of Divus Iulius (Temple of the Deified Julius) was built (42 BC) and dedicated (29 BC) by Augustus for purposes of fostering a "cult of the comet". (It was also known as the "Temple of the Comet Star".) At the back of the temple a huge image of Caesar was erected and, according to Ovid, a flaming comet was affixed to its forehead:Jul 30, 2021 · No he dormido desde el domingo. La medianoche para mí son las 3 AM para ti. Pero mis noches sin dormir son mejores. Contigo las noches nunca podrían estar solas, ooh, ooh-ooh, ooh. Era buena ... The famous Halley's Comet is visible from Earth about every 76 years. It was last seen in 1986 and won't be visible again until 2061. Each year, when Earth collides with the comet's orbit ...Apr 20, 2022 · The last sighting of Halley’s Comet was in 1986, and so sadly that means it won’t be visible in the night sky until 2061. But here’s some good news: on one night every year you can see the ... UFO cult apparently committed suicide. in belief that they would rise to meet. Hale-Bopp in the sky. recovered through WayBackMachine. Higher Source group commits largest mass suicide in U.S. history. Group leader turns out to have founded a UFO cult back in 1975,The Temple of Divus Iulius (Temple of the Deified Julius) was built (42 BC) and dedicated (29 BC) by Augustus for purposes of fostering a "cult of the comet". (It was also known as the "Temple of the Comet Star".) At the back of the temple a huge image of Caesar was erected and, according to Ovid, a flaming comet was affixed to its forehead:A unique astronomical event is a surefire way to inspire a doomsday prophecy. Enter Halley's Comet, a ball of icy dust that is visible from Earth every 76 years.When this celestial body was scheduled to make a pass in 1910, the claims of impassioned astronomers at Chicago's Yerkes Observatory inspired fear in a surprising number of people. Halley's Comet, the most famous of these weird wanderers, drops by Earth every 75 years or so (it’s not due for its next visit until July 2061). As a comet nears the sun, ice and dust boil from its slushy center—called a nucleus—to form an atmosphere known as a coma. Sunlight “blows” gas and dust from this coma to create a spectacular ...But the clips of cult leader Marshall Applewhite were so jarring that they aired on TV news around the globe. Now new Heaven’s Gate footage will be appearing on screens, 25 years after the ...Halley’s Comet comes by every seventy-five years or so. The comet that’s approaching us now—it will be closest to Earth between the first and second of February—is uncatchily named C/2022 ...The history of Halley's comet. The first known observation of Halley's Comet, or Comet Halley, took place in 239 B.C., according to the European Space Agency. Chinese astronomers recorded its ...In 1910, Halley’s Comet was due to pass close by Earth — and everyone from religious fanatics to news reporters stoked the fires of a global panic, believing it was the end of the world. Bettmann/Getty Images A 1910 drawing of Halley’s Comet passing over a city. In 1705, the English astronomer Edmond Halley predicted that a bright comet ...People were so worried that unscrupulous clergy attempted to sell dispensations that would supposedly get the buyers into heaven. By 1910, however, astronomers were able to predict the path of the comet so accurately that only a few people were distressed by the possibility of Halley's comet hitting the planet. Now they feared its tail.May 3, 2021 · The famous Halley's Comet is visible from Earth about every 76 years. It was last seen in 1986 and won't be visible again until 2061. Each year, when Earth collides with the comet's orbit ... People were so worried that unscrupulous clergy attempted to sell dispensations that would supposedly get the buyers into heaven. By 1910, however, astronomers were able to predict the path of the comet so accurately that only a few people were distressed by the possibility of Halley's comet hitting the planet. Now they feared its tail.The nucleus of Comet Halley is approximately 16x8x8 kilometers. Contrary to prior expectations, Halley’s nucleus is very dark: its albedo is only about 0.03 making it darker than coal and one of the darkest objects in the solar system. The density of Halley’s nucleus is very low: about 0.1 gm/cm3 indicating that it is probably porous ...Halley's Comet, the most famous of these weird wanderers, drops by Earth every 75 years or so (it’s not due for its next visit until July 2061). As a comet nears the sun, ice and dust boil from its slushy center—called a nucleus—to form an atmosphere known as a coma. Sunlight “blows” gas and dust from this coma to create a spectacular ... Sep 11, 2015 · But get this, truth-seeker: the numerology of Mark Twain’s birthday (11-30-35) =76 — and Halley’s Comet is visible from Earth every 76 years. Not only was he born with the comet in the sky and died at age 76, one day after the comet’s closest approach to Earth on its next visit, but the gematria synchs up, too. The image above was taken by the Hubble Space Telescope, and shows material ejected from the rotating comet in a "pinwheel" pattern. More information on this image is available in the caption. The nucleus of Hale-Bopp is estimated to be about 30 to 40 km across - Comet Halley's nucleus was estimated at 8 x 8 x 16 km.Halley’s comet—named after the English astronomer who plotted its orbit in the 17th century—is not returning to the solar system this week. It orbits the Sun every 75–79 years and was last ...Halley’s Comet has a highly elliptical orbit of the Sun and will return to the inner Solar System in 40 years, reaching its perihelion on July 28, 2061. It’s set to be much brighter than in ...By RKasper. $36.65. Halley's Comet Billie Eilish Poster. By madisontarr. $25.13. Bayeux Tapestry, Halley's Comet of 1066, Astronomy Poster. By ScienceSource. $29.32. Outer Space Astronomy Halleys Halley’s Comet Poster.Halley’s comet may be the only naked eye comet that can appear twice in one human lifetime, but it also left us with two important annual meteor showers. One is the Orionids meteor shower, which ...Mar 10, 2023 · Comet Halley... more generally known as Halley's Comet after Edmond Halley, is a comet that can be seen every 75-76 years. It is the most famous of all periodic comets, even though in every century many comets appear brighter and more spectacular. Halley's comet last appeared in the inner Solar System in 1986, and will next appear in the summer ... Just a few months after Halley’s Comet passed by earth, the worst nuclear disaster in history took place. On April 26, 1986, reactor #4 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant would explode. We had already “dodged a bullet” at Three-Mile Island, but at Chornobyl–we weren’t so lucky.These two views show the position of Halley's comet and six planets on Jan. 7, 1984. At that time, Halley was about 800 million miles from the sun, traveling at an 18-degree tilt with respect to ...Apr 20, 2022 · The last sighting of Halley’s Comet was in 1986, and so sadly that means it won’t be visible in the night sky until 2061. But here’s some good news: on one night every year you can see the ... Exploring the historical record for comet sightings, Halley calculated that the comet he had studied in 1682 was the same comet identified in 1305, 1380, 1456, 1531, and 1607. Then, in 1705, he ...Mar 21, 2017 · March 21, 2017 10:55 AM PT. It happened 20 years ago this month. In a Rancho Santa Fe mansion, Marshall Applewhite, a preacher’s son and former seminarian who had fashioned a religion that ... Jan 25, 2017 · Therefore, the next return of the comet to our solar system is going to take place in about 2061-2063. Thus, the dates it will pass through our earth is estimated to be close to the beginning of 2062. At the same time, there is no need to be scared of any possible harm to our planet since the earth will pass only through the tail of the Halley ... Hale-Bopp was an unusually bright comet that flew close to Earth in 1997. Tragically, Hale-Bopp also influenced the Heaven's Gate cult's mass suicide.Comet Hale–Bopp (formally designated C/1995 O1) is a comet that was one of the most widely observed of the 20th century and one of the brightest seen for many decades. Alan Hale and Thomas Bopp discovered Comet Hale–Bopp separately on July 23, 1995, before it became visible to the naked eye. It is difficult to predict the maximum brightness ...The history of Halley's comet. The first known observation of Halley's Comet, or Comet Halley, took place in 239 B.C., according to the European Space Agency. Chinese astronomers recorded its ...One of the most familiar comets, Halley's comet, played a prominent role in history because of its large nucleus and therefore great brightness and longevity. In 1066 when King Harold was overthrown by William the Conquerer at the Battle of Hastings, the cause of the event seems to have been pegged on a celestial visitor as is shown by the appearance of Halley's comet in the Bayeux Tapestry ...One of the most familiar comets, Halley's comet, played a prominent role in history because of its large nucleus and therefore great brightness and longevity. In 1066 when King Harold was overthrown by William the Conquerer at the Battle of Hastings, the cause of the event seems to have been pegged on a celestial visitor as is shown by the appearance of Halley's comet in the Bayeux Tapestry ... Applewhite claimed an extraterrestrial vessel was trailing behind the Comet Hale-Bopp, waiting to spirit his followers to the “Next Level.” (Jamie Cooper/Getty) T hough ultimately a deadly cult, Heaven’s Gate was not a particularly intimidating one. Members were mostly free to defect at their will.Sep 4, 2006 · Comets and Asteroids – Learn more about the threat to human civilisation in our special report . 1. Halley's Comet 2. Shoemaker Levy-9 3. Hyakutake 4. Hale Bopp 5. Comet Borrelly 6. Comet Encke ... Aug 23, 2021 · Halley’s Comet. Even the name of this giant ball of dust and gas is enough to make anyone over the age of 40 wistfully recall what happened 35 years ago this... These two views show the position of Halley's comet and six planets on Jan. 7, 1984. At that time, Halley was about 800 million miles from the sun, traveling at an 18-degree tilt with respect to ...Apr 17, 2022 · Halley’s Comet is one of the most famous comets in history and there are many reasons for that. As you may already know, Halley’s Comet is visible to the naked eye from Earth every 75-76 years ... Oct 17, 2020 · It’s an annual meteor shower of medium strength that occurs between October 2 and November 7 in 2020. Expect between 10-20 “shooting stars” on the peak night, which travel at 41 miles/67km ... Sep 15, 2014 · The (black) solid line is the orbital path of Halley's comet in 1301 derived from the orbital elements of Yeomans & Kiang (1981). The (red) cross symbols are the comet's positions on a) September ... Sep 15, 2014 · The (black) solid line is the orbital path of Halley's comet in 1301 derived from the orbital elements of Yeomans & Kiang (1981). The (red) cross symbols are the comet's positions on a) September ... Sep 15, 2014 · The (black) solid line is the orbital path of Halley's comet in 1301 derived from the orbital elements of Yeomans & Kiang (1981). The (red) cross symbols are the comet's positions on a) September ... Oct 14, 2016 · Applewhite claimed an extraterrestrial vessel was trailing behind the Comet Hale-Bopp, waiting to spirit his followers to the “Next Level.” (Jamie Cooper/Getty) T hough ultimately a deadly cult, Heaven’s Gate was not a particularly intimidating one. Members were mostly free to defect at their will. The most famous sighting of Halley's Comet was in 1066 right before the battle of Hasting. Also possibly sighted in 66 AD and 837 Ad. Jan 1, 1705. Next Sighting-53 ...Because, well, it's fairly well known that she is suspected to be involved with the occult in some way by many people, and the theory I have concerning Halley's Comet has to do with the end-times. Halley's Comet is due for another arrival in 2061. This year, 2061, has been very particular to me.2. Hale-Bopp actually clogged up the internet for a short time in 1997. When the comet first became visible in 1997, it caused quite a storm in digital and printed media. At the time, the internet ...By Charles Apple. The Spokesman-Review. (Edward Emerson Barnard/Yerkes Observatory) On this date 110 years ago, the Earth passed through the tail of Halley’s comet. A French astronomer noticed ...Halley's Comet. Today, a comet approaches. The University of Houston's College of Engineering presents this series about the machines that make our civilization run, and the people whose ingenuity created them. H alley's Comet appeared in the sky when Mark Twain was born in 1835. The comet moves in a seventy-five or seventy-six-year orbit, and ...

In a 2010 paper in the Journal of Cosmology, researchers Daniel W. Graham and Eric Hintz suggested that one of the earliest known sightings of Halley’s comet may have occurred around 466 B.C. in .... Mcdougal

halley%27s comet cult

Sep 25, 2019 · The nucleus of Comet Halley is approximately 16x8x8 kilometers. Contrary to prior expectations, Halley’s nucleus is very dark: its albedo is only about 0.03 making it darker than coal and one of the darkest objects in the solar system. The density of Halley’s nucleus is very low: about 0.1 gm/cm3 indicating that it is probably porous ... Jun 5, 2020 · Times Gazette. -. June 5, 2020. 0. In May of 1910, Halley’s comet was to pass over the night sky, its first appearance in 75 years, and Henry Heinman of Leesburg led 40 members of a cult known ... Comet Halley... more generally known as Halley's Comet after Edmond Halley, is a comet that can be seen every 75-76 years. It is the most famous of all periodic comets, even though in every century many comets appear brighter and more spectacular. Halley's comet last appeared in the inner Solar System in 1986, and will next appear in the summer ...Browse 126 authentic halleys comet stock photos, high-res images, and pictures, or explore additional comets or galaxy stock images to find the right photo at the right size and resolution for your project.Halley’s Comet is one of the most famous comets in history and there are many reasons for that. As you may already know, Halley’s Comet is visible to the naked eye from Earth every 75-76 years ...UFO cult apparently committed suicide. in belief that they would rise to meet. Hale-Bopp in the sky. recovered through WayBackMachine. Higher Source group commits largest mass suicide in U.S. history. Group leader turns out to have founded a UFO cult back in 1975,10 mos. 22 days. 01 hrs. 26 mins. 46 secs. Halley is often called the most famous comet because it marked the first time astronomers understood comets could be repeat visitors to our night skies. Astronomers have now linked the comet's appearances to observations dating back more than 2,000 years. Halley was last seen in Earth's skies in 1986 ...A unique astronomical event is a surefire way to inspire a doomsday prophecy. Enter Halley's Comet, a ball of icy dust that is visible from Earth every 76 years.When this celestial body was scheduled to make a pass in 1910, the claims of impassioned astronomers at Chicago's Yerkes Observatory inspired fear in a surprising number of people. Samuel Colt was a hunter who lived during the nineteenth century. He created the Colt along with the Devil's gate in Wyoming and the devil's trap guarding it. He is a legendary idol of later hunters, who considered him the greatest hunter of all time. Samuel created the Colt amidst the last stand of the Alamo and the passage of Halley's Comet. The gun was imbued with the power to kill most ...None that I know of, but you may be thinking of Heaven's Gate, a cult that enjoyed a mass suicide in 1997, while Comet Hale-Bopp was in the sky. ... Halley's comet was first seen in 1577 however ....

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